Identification Of Family System The Morgan Family

Identification of family system The Morgan family members are Caucasian and live in Tampa, Florida. Clare Morgan is a 42 year old twice divorced woman who works as a Bank Administrator for Bank of America. In Clare’s first marriage she had her first son Justin but after a month her husband divorced her. In Clare’s second marriage, her husband did not want to have kids and left her while she was pregnant with her second child Cody. Justin is now 15 years old football player in high school. Cody is 8 years old in elementary school, who play baseball for the local little league. Both children are A students however neither father choose to keep in contact with them. Lately, Justin has become rebellious and Cody feels the lack of communication from his father is his fault. Reason for Social Work Involvement The Morgan family has been receiving family supportive counseling for now eight months. Before counseling, Clare became involved with a man named Daniel for 8 months. Daniel has two little girls, ages 9 and 12, from a previous marriage. Clare and both her son’s move in with Daniel and his two daughters. Overtime, Daniel became emotionally and physically abusive towards Clare and her son’s. Daniel worked as a construction worker and would gamble his money away. Before Daniel receives his paychecks he would apply for a cash advance to gamble. When it is time to pay bills, Daniel would take out a loan, to hide his problem from Clare. One day Daniel was arrested forShow MoreRelatedCartoons and Children693 Words   |  3 Pagestelevision related behaviours in the classroom †¢ Gross and morgan (1985) found that when parents were positive about television or limited children’s viewing, the children’s conceptions of social reality were not affected. On the other hand when parents did not interfere with television, there were significant associations between the amount of viewing, the children’s conception about social reality. †¢ Rothschild and morgan(1987) found that those families who were substantially involved with television byRead MoreThe Contribution Of The Field Of Archaeology1911 Words   |  8 Pagesdifferences of humans were circulating throughout both academia and popular society, Boaz hoped his ideas regarding culture could combat such ideas as these and others concerned with such patterns of determinism. Boas was particularly important in his identification of the urgency associated with the ethnography of native people, still termed savages during this period. As these groups continued their assimilatioin into the greater world of European languages and customs, Boas realized that the traditionalRead MoreLiterature Review1664 Words   |  7 Pagesto themselves and others’ around them. Morgan and McAtamney (2009), Wells and Graham (2003), Dearden and Payne (2009), Dawe, Harnett and Frye (2008) and the Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy (2001), all have a common idea of the typ es of consequences that involve the use of alcohol related problems. The similarities of these literature articles has shown that the consequences, mainly involve alcohol related violence within the community and within the family. Alcohol-related crime and disorder canRead MoreThe Importance Of Mental Disorders In The Prison System1288 Words   |  6 PagesIn addition, persons with mental disorders are clearly overrepresented in the prison system, when compared to rates of persons in the community with mental disorders, studies found â€Å"that prevalence estimates were three to 12 times higher than in community samples, reaching as high as 64%,† (Prins, S. J., 2014, p. 862) with â€Å"prevalence† being defined as the commonness or occurrence of a mental disorder. The reasoning behind this skewed representation has continually puzzled researchers and led toRead MoreThe Human Genome Project : How They Impact Human Society916 Words   |  4 Pagesdetermine the complet e nucleotide sequence of human DNA, to localize the estimated 50,000-100,000 genes within the human Genome, and to perform similar analyses on the Genomes of several other organisms used extensively in research laboratories as model systems.1 There are a lot of conflicting points regarding these experiments. Some of which could be the ethical problem of engineering a perfect race. Once we can read our own DNA it is just a little amount of time before we can write new DNA. This paperRead MoreSubstance Abuse in Older Populations1147 Words   |  5 Pagesassisting an elderly patient who is abusing his or her medication. This paper will discuss the crucial role played by medical personnel, the influence of societal biases, and family and peer support systems of the elderly who are struggling with substance misuse and abuse. The importance of training physicians, identification and assessments, and treatment approaches are discussed as well. Prescription Drugs The number of people misusing prescription drugs is increasing in the United States (BascaRead MoreEssay On Nikola Tesla1212 Words   |  5 PagesNikola Tesla, noted inventor, engineer, machinist, and electrical pioneer was born in 1846 in what is now modern Croatia. His parents had â€Å"five children which included siblings Dane, Angelina, Milka and Marica, in the family. His mother, Djuka Mandic, who invented small household appliances in her spare time while her son was growing up, spurred Tesla’s interest in electrical invention. Tesla s father, Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian orthodox priest and a writer, and he pushed for his son to joinRead More Schizophrenia: A Possible Etiology?1590 Words   |  7 Pagesonset, even in the most severe cases, however in the case of schizophrenia a large body of research implicates an organic etiology for the illness. By what mechanism could an organic defect cause schizophrenic symptomology? Krieckhaus, Donahoe, and Morgan (1992) h ypothesized dopamine hyperactivity in paranoid schizophrenia to present one such mechanism. They cite evidence that dopamine (DA) agonists can cause delusional symptoms in both normal and schizophrenic persons. Furthermore, DA D2 receptorRead MoreIntroduction.To What Degree Doparental Socioeconomic Status,1604 Words   |  7 Pageseither by choice or out of need to support the family, further disrupting educational progression. According to the American Psychological Association â€Å"research indicates that children from low-SES households and communities develop academic skills more slowly compared to children from higher SES groups (Morgan, Farkas, Hillemeier, Maczuga, 2009).† Typically schools in low socioeconomic areas are under funded leading to higher dropout rates. Low SES families may be unable to afford the needed items suchRead MoreIncluding or Leaving Them Out?1912 Words   |  8 PagesUnited States’ macro culture. Although the current American education system frequently stigmatizes students from minority groups as mentally ill, consequently misplacing them in special education, these learners simply exhibit different thinking styles and cultural ideas, which require the modification of the instruction by general education teachers for the success of their students’ inclusion in regular classrooms. Each family shares particular characteristics they have adopted from their societies

Richard Nixons Native American Federal Policy

Modern American politics among various demographics can be traced along predictable lines when it comes to a two-party system, especially those of ethnic minorities. Although the civil rights movement enjoyed bipartisan support early on, it became split along regional lines with Southerners of both parties opposing it, resulting in the conservative Dixiecrats migrating to the Republican party. Today African-Americans, Hispanic-Americans, and Native Americans are typically associated with the liberal agenda of the Democrats. Historically, the conservative agenda of the Republican Party tended to be hostile to the needs of American Indians, especially during the mid-20th century, but ironically it was the Nixon administration that would bring much-needed change to Indian country. Crisis in the Wake of Termination Decades of federal policy toward American Indians overwhelmingly favored assimilation, even when the governments prior efforts toward forced assimilation were declared a failure as a result of the Merriam Report in 1924. Despite policies designed to reverse some of the damage by fostering greater self-government and a measure of tribal independence in the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the concept of improvement of the lives of Indians was still framed in terms of progress as American citizens, i.e. their ability to assimilate into the mainstream and evolve out of their existence as Indians. By 1953 a Republican-controlled Congress would adopt House Concurrent Resolution 108 which stated that at the earliest possible time [Indians should be] freed from all federal supervision and control and from all disabilities and limitations specially applicable to Indians. Thus, the problem was framed in terms of Indians political relationship to the United States, rather than a history of a buse stemming from broken treaties, perpetuating a relationship of domination. Resolution 108 signaled the new policy of termination in which tribal governments and reservations were to be dismantled once and for all by giving greater jurisdiction over Indian affairs to some states (in direct contradiction of the Constitution) and the relocation program which sent Indians away from their home reservations to large cities for jobs. During the termination years, more Indian lands were lost to federal control and private ownership and many tribes lost their federal recognition, effectively eradicating the political existence and identities of thousands of individual Indians and over 100 tribes. Activism, Uprising, and the Nixon Administration The ethnic nationalist movements among Black and Chicano communities fueled the mobilization for American Indians own activism and by 1969 the Alcatraz Island occupation was underway, grabbing the nations attention and creating a highly visible platform upon which Indians could air their centuries-long grievances. On July 8, 1970, President Nixon formally repudiated the termination policy (which was established ironically during his tenure as vice president) with a special message to Congress advocating for American Indian Self-determination. . . without the threat of eventual termination, assuring that the Indian†¦[could] assume control over his own life without being separated involuntarily from the tribal group. The next five years would see some of the most bitter struggles in Indian country, testing the Presidents commitment to Indian rights. In the latter part of 1972, the American Indian Movement (AIM) in conjunction with other American Indian rights groups convened the Trail of Broken Treaties caravan across the country to deliver a twenty point list of demands to the federal government. The caravan of several hundred Indian activists culminated in the week-long takeover of the Bureau of Indian Affairs building in Washington DC. Just a few months later in early 1973, was the 71-day armed confrontation in Wounded Knee, South Dakota between American Indian activists and the FBI in response to an epidemic of uninvestigated murders and the terrorist tactics of a federally-supported tribal government on the Pine Ridge Reservation. The heightening tensions across Indian country could no longer be ignored, nor would the public stand for more armed interventions and Indian deaths at the hands of federal officials. Thanks to the momentum of the civil rights movement Indians had become popular, or at least a force to be reckoned with and the Nixon administration seemed to grasp the wisdom of taking a pro-Indian stance. Nixons Influence on Indian Affairs During Nixons presidency, a number of great strides were made in federal Indian policy, as documented by the Nixon-era Center Library at Mountain State University. Among some of the most significant of those achievements are: The return of the sacred Blue Lake to the people of Taos Pueblo in 1970.The Menominee Restoration Act, restoring the recognition of the previously terminated tribe in 1973.In the same year, the Bureau of Indian Affairs budget was increased by 214% to a total of $1.2 billion.The establishment of the first special office on Indian Water Rights - A bill authorizing the Secretary of Agriculture to make direct and insured loans to Indian tribes through the Farmers Home Administration.The passage of the Indian Financing Act of 1974, which supported tribal commercial development.The filing of a landmark Supreme Court suit to protect Indian rights at Pyramid Lake.Pledged that all available BIA funds be arranged to fit priorities set by tribal governments themselves. In 1975 Congress passed the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act, perhaps the most significant piece of legislation for Native American rights since the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934. Although Nixon had resigned the presidency before being able to sign it, he had laid the groundwork for its passage. References Hoff, Joan. Re-evaluating Richard Nixon: His Domestic Achievements. http://www.nixonera.com/library/domestic.asp Wilkins, David E. American Indian Politics and the American Political System. New York: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2007.

Abnormal Return That Was Used Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1979 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? The objective of this paper is to determine whether announcing a dividend payment in the Vietnam market provides useful information for the investor. In other words, does an announcement of dividends directly affect the stock price in this market? To evaluate the impact of such an event, a measure of the abnormal return was needed. The observation data used was n = 16 (listed firms), in which there were 71 announcements. The analytical steps follow. Analytical Steps The abnormal return that was used was the difference between the ex-post return of the security and the normal return of the firm during the event window. The normal return was established to be the return that would have been expected if the event had not occurred. The first step was to compute the ex-post stock return during the event window of a 6-day period (plus/minus 3 days). Day 0 was considered to be the announcement day of the dividend payment. Finding the risk-free rate market return of each event and associated beta value was step two. The risk free rate was calculated by the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the average government bond yield as a percent. The beta coefficient value was found by running 71 regression tests in which the daily stock return and daily market index return were the dependent and independent variables respectively. The market beta (or risk) for an individual stock for the event was found using the correlation between the daily stock retur n and the daily market index return of a normal period. The daily stock return and the daily market index return were computed based on the daily stock price and daily closing price of VN-Index. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Abnormal Return That Was Used Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Nonparametric Test The sign test was one of two common nonparametric tests used. This test is based on the sign of the abnormal return (AR) or cumulative abnormal return (CAR). The use of the nonparametric tests of the abnormal returns may be used since it may be insufficient to assume the normally distribution of returns when confirming the parametric tests. It is necessary to test the probability that the positive average abnormal returns (AAR) following the dividend announcement was larger than 0.5. Therefore the null hypothesis was that the probability was less than or equal to 0.5 while the alternative hypothesis was that the probability was greater than 0.5. This hypothesis was tested in a one sided z-test. Descriptive Statistic A descriptive statistic is typically used when describing the basic features of data in a study, specifically the distributions central tendencies. From January 3, 2006 to December 31, 2009 the range of the VN-Index was 235 to 1170.67. Considering 996 daily closing prices (n = 996), two of the central tendencies were: mean 608.94 and median 522.84. The median was lower than the mean. It should be noted that the closing price of the VN-Index during this time was in the lower range since data samples of the financial crisis of 2008 were randomly included. A t-distribution showed the distribution to be skewed to the right (positively skewed). This means that most of the distribution of the closing prices was to the left of the mean. Using kurtosis (description of the shape) to determine how tall and sharp the central peak is found that the kurtosis value was -0.884 indicating a relatively flat distribution about the mean, albeit asymmetrical. Measures of the asymmetry we re not significant. The mean was 0.0485 and the median was 0.0326.and median was 0.0485 and 0.0326; minimum and maximum was negative -4.972 and 7.741. Since the mean does not equal the median, both the closing price and the daily return were not in a symmetrical distribution. From January 3, 2006 to December 31, 2009 (996 days) there were 193 Mondays, 200 days for each of Tuesday, Thursday and Friday and 203 Wednesdays. Monday was found to have the lowest negative average daily return (-0.2548%) while Friday had the lowest positive average daily return. Tuesday and Wednesday did not differ greatly however Thursday had the highest average daily return (0.2993%). In finding the difference between Mondays (193) and the other days (793) as well as the difference between Thursdays (200) and the other days (796), the Monday group was negative -0.2548% compared to the other days group of 0.1214%. Similarly, the Thursday group (0.2993%) was compared with the other days (-0.0145). We n ow question as to whether the differences were large enough to rely on or were they random. With regard to testing Mondays against the other days, the average return for Monday was lower than the other week days average return with a difference of -0.3762. Similarly, the average return for Thursday was higher than the other days with an average difference of 0.3139. The t-test value was -2.239 (d.f. 994) giving a critical value at 1960. This t-test value was smaller than at -1.960. Using the t-distribution chart for a two-tailed distribution, and a significance level of = 2.5% and d.f. greater than 100, we continue to have critical value at 1960. Thus, the observed test t-value of -2.239 was smaller than at -1.960. Thursdays test gave a t-value of 1.892 with critical value of 1.645, 5% significance level and d.f. of 994. There were no other tests of reliable statistical significance. In comparison of Monday with the other weekdays, two-tailed p-value was 0.025 while Thursda y with the other weekdays was 0.059 giving more information of the statistical results than the probabilities and thus the percentages for the error probabilities was in the acceptable range and thus reliable. Again, analysis of the other groupings p-values were not in the significant level with t-value smaller than . Thus there is no support for the hypothesis. To summarize, there was a significant difference between Monday/other days of the week and Thursday/other days of the week. The average return for Monday was lower than the other days of the week with the average return for Thursday being higher than the other days of the week. The hypothesis was therefore rejected and there was support for the alternate hypothesis (average return for Monday was not equal to the average return for the other days of the week). Study Summary This study purpose of this study was twofold: 1) determining whether an announcement of a dividend payment impacted stock prices and 2) determining if stock prices in the market are randomly determined. Using a selection of 16 companies (n = 16), there were only two firms Vietnam Fumigation Company (VFC) and Chuong Duong Beverages JSC (SCD) which were found to have abnormal returns and thus be statistically significant at the 5% level. In other words, only these two firms had their stock prices affected by the dividend announcement during the period from 2006 to 2009. While these results do not definitively determine announcement of dividends to be the sole influence on these prices, the results may be used to attract investors. Secondly, there was significant evidence that the day of the week was influential and thus the event was not random. With regards to the efficient-market hypothesis (EMH), the hypothesis that the Vietnam market during this period was considered to be weak or inefficient is rejected. The pattern of movement in prices was not random. Interestingly, the average highest return in the Vietnam market was on Thursday as opposed to the most common day in other markets of Friday. However, the lowest return was on Monday in agreement with most other markets. Since there was a difference in returns between groups in the week, (the average return on Monday/Thursday and the other days of the week) there is opportunity here for arbitrage to capitalize on the imbalance. Conclusion As the abnormal returns were shown to be asymmetrically distributed it is reasonable to consider values which are different from zero as responsible for the unexpected return. It was found that the probability for a positive average abnormal return associated with the event was greater than 5%. Combining the t-and z-test results showed that announcing dividend payments affected the stock prices of the firms, resulting in a slight increase in attracting investors during the specified period. Generally, the change in stock prices are independent of each other and have similar distributions (neither symmetric or normal) which indicate that past movements or trends are not reliable for predictions, and therefore follow a random walk. However, the difference in returns for these groups implies that there is a possibility of arbitrage for this market. The verification of the statistical importance of the day of the week effect provides information which means that the prices were p ossibly predictable. The Monday and Thursday returns in the Vietnam market tended to be the high and low respectively. This is in opposition to Monday/Friday (low/high) in most other markets The statistical results conclude that evidence exists against the hypothesis of an efficient market in weak form. Therefore, the hypothesis that the stock prices followed a random walk pattern based on the weak efficient market theory was rejected and that there was a pattern in the price variations. Finally, the stock prices in Vietnam market did not follow a random pattern, and the market was not efficient in weak form for the last period, from Jan 03, 2006 to Dec 31, 2009. Implications of the Conclusion As has been said, announcing the dividend payment provided information to investors affecting the stock price around the event (dividend announcement). Although the strength of the abnormal return was not strong, it still provided opportunity for arbitrage. Further analysis found that the weekly expected stock return from Monday to Friday tended to be negative and decreasing over average returns. It is surmised that this is due to releasing information at the end of the week which caused the sliding return the following Monday. However, this also has the benefit that unfavorable information can be released late in the day on Friday if firms desire to reduce the effect of the bad news or even to avoid a panicked selling. This characteristic might be used for both the release of good as well as unfavorable information. Further a simple trading strategy has also emerged for investors: buy on Monday and sell on Thursday. This would be particularly effective when looking at the two i mportant dates all investors should watch; investment date and settlement date (T + 1, T + 2 or T + 3) where the settlement occurs 1, 2 or 3 days after the transaction. Here the T + 1 could be used for an individual who wishes to buy stock can delay the purchase planned for Thursday or Friday to Monday. For those wanting to sell stock, sales on Thursday (early session) and re-purchased on Monday (late session) to receive the most benefit. This method can be used by investors who deal in high volatile stocks for the purpose of arbitrages. Extension The results of this study (dividend payment does impact stock price), adds some potency to the theory of dividend signaling as applied to this market. Thus firms can allude to this result as good news when they wish to appear in possession of strong future prospects for investors. It will take a clever firm to use these results. Since the distribution of daily returns was not symmetrical firms would have to pay close attention to when they release information to investors. Some firms may need to watch and estimate the abnormal returns not only on Monday and Thursday, but on the other days of the week might prove interesting in a company to company experiment. It should be noted that the Vietnam market pays dividends in cash, stocks, or a combination of cash and stocks. This study was directed at announcements of the cash dividend payments only. It would be of interest to further investigate if announcements of dividend payments would also be influential in the other two methods of payout. Further investigations might combine both the Vietnam Stock Exchange along with the Hanoi Trading Center in order to provide larger sample sizes. Another investigation could be the examination based on seasons of the year, or possible monthly effects to note if they also indicate statistical connectivity. This data might also be analyzed to determine a clearer picture for future price movements in the Vietnam Market.

Kurt Lewins Change Theory - 1570 Words

Organizations face the continuous prospect of change as they fight to survive and remain competitive in a globalized economy. Changes exist in both the external and internal environments. As organizational environments exert pressure for change, organizations must adjust if they are to survive and prosper. According to Medley and Akan (2008), theories concerning organizational change were dominated by Lewin’s planned change approach (1947), which brings together four complex elements: (1) field theory, which seeks to map the totality of human behaviors taking place; (2) group dynamics, which seeks to understand the behavior of groups; (3) action research, which requires analyzing the situation and choosing the best change for the†¦show more content†¦The first step of this phase is to present to the organization a compelling problem or issue to get them to recognize and accept the need for change. Such compelling issues could be characterized by sharply declining sales, loss of important key market segments and clients, or poor financial performance that is due to actions of their part. This problem or issue will then create the pressure for change of attitude and behavior, and convince people that the change is needed. According to Medley and Akan (2008), managers c an participate in this early stage by reducing barriers to change, creating incentives to change, and introducing appropriate rewards for new behaviors. During a merger of two culturally different companies, Bank of America and U.S. Trust, a change was greatly needed to complete this transaction. During the change process, communication is key, and these two companies needed to communicate in order to be productive. Once managers noticed the issue, they restructured all the divisions needing the change to force a behavior change. They broke up ineffective teams which were composed of only people from each company, and redesign the groups to reflect the merged companies. The culture of U.S. Trust was that of the high end wealth management company which comprised of an exclusive group of clients, theShow MoreRelatedLewins Change Theory1273 Words   |  6 PagesLewin’s Change Theory Author’s name: Institution: Date: Abstract The significance of Lewin’s change theory lay not in the formality of the theory itself but rather on his ability to conceptualize real situations and as a result come up with models that reflect ideal situations. Kurt Lewin cut a niche for himself as one of the pioneers of the applied, organizational and social psychology. Born Kurt Zadek Lewin in September 9 1890, he is acknowledged as the founder of social psychology and among theRead MoreKurt Lewin s Influence On Social Psychology Essay1209 Words   |  5 Pagesothers. Though the psychologist who had the biggest impact on social psychology would be Kurt Lewin. Commonly known as the father of social psychology, Lewin put in countless hours of hard work and research in the study of the individual behavior among social situations. By working with other renowned psychologists, creating theories of his own, and leaving a mark on the world that still thrives today, Kurt Lewin is greatly responsible for the many of the advanceme nts of psychology throughout historyRead MoreLewins Change Theory1288 Words   |  6 PagesLewin’s Change Theory Author’s name: Institution: Date: Abstract The significance of Lewin’s change theory lay not in the formality of the theory itself but rather on his ability to conceptualize real situations and as a result come up with models that reflect ideal situations. Kurt Lewin cut a niche for himself as one of the pioneers of the applied, organizational and social psychology. Born Kurt Zadek Lewin in September 9 1890, he is acknowledged as the founder of social psychology and amongRead MoreApplying Change Theory Of Electronic Medical Records999 Words   |  4 PagesApplying Change Theory to Electronic Medical Records Maryjo Marvin-Dixon Empire State College According to Hussain, Lei, Akram, Haider Ali, 2016 â€Å"It is important for organizations to make changes and update old process in this competitive business environment†. Implementing change in a department of a company, hospital or doctor’s office can be difficult. Lewin’s Change Model is an effective way to help Managers and business owners update old processes and structures. (Hussain, Lei, Akram, HaiderRead MoreModels of Organizational Change1517 Words   |  7 PagesModels of Change Olympia Ross Grand Canyon University Organizational Development and Change LDR-615 Dr. Jerry Griffin August 14, 2013 Organizational Models of Change Organizational change is occurring at an intense rate within modern organizations, as demands to stay current with technology and marketplace trends are ever increasing. Although knowledge exists amongst management and leadership regarding the need for change, the ability to deliver the expected results of proposed changes oftenRead MoreKurt Lewin s Work With Psychology1051 Words   |  5 PagesKurt Lewin was born in Poland on September 9, 1880. Lewin was a German American psychologist predominantly known for his work with psychology field theory, group dynamics and his theory of change. A majority of Lewin’s work was focused on practical psychological issues such as racism, child development, and humanization of the workplace and school. Some describe Lewin as the founder of experimental social psychology. Kurt Lewin was born in Poland on September 9, 1880 into a jewish family. In 1909Read MoreEffectiveness Of Lewin s Model869 Words   |  4 PagesEffectiveness of Lewin’s Model An example of the effectiveness of Lewin’s Unfreezing-Changing-Refreezing Model can be seen in the success of Continental Airlines. In 1994, the CEO of Continental Airlines resigned after the organization continued to lose money at an alarming pace. Greg Brenneman, a consultant, and Gordon Bethune, the new CEO, created a plan to turn the organization around and save over 40,000 jobs while earning $40 million by 1995. (Brenneman, 1998) This plan was presented and acceptedRead MoreA Nurse Residency Program For New Nursing1433 Words   |  6 Pagesconsidered for these positions, but a residency program would address this. Implement planned change To aid with the implementation of the home health care residency program, the change theory from Kurt Lewin will be utilized for this process. The Change Theory of Nursing was developed by Kurt Lewin, who is considered the father of social psychology. He theorized a three-stage model of change known as unfreezing-change-refreeze model that requires prior learning to be rejected and replaced. Lewin s definitionRead MoreChange Management - Theories of Changes1442 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational change is usually triggered by relevant environment shift, either internal or external, that sensed by companies and leads to intentionally generated response (French, Bell Zawacki, 2006). This paper will discuss several organization development models.. Theories of Change In order to survive and prosper in a rapid changing environment of business world, organization is often required to generate fast response to changes (French, Bell Zawacki, 2005). Change management means toRead MoreLewin’s Three-Stage Model of Planned Change1134 Words   |  5 Pagesand the need for change within organizations (Graetz Smith, 2010). Organizations respond to these tensions by engaging in processes of strategic renewal through the implementation of â€Å"planned change† (Spector, 2010). Planned change, according to Cummings and Worley (2009), fundamentally concerns the process of changing organizational behaviors. More specifically, new behaviors must replace old ones or be adapted to or integrated with existing behaviors to enable successful change (Palmer, Dunford

Rain Man Free Essays

Rain Man The movie I chose to analyze from a psychological perspective is Rain Man. The character I have chosen is Charlie Babbit . I chose Charlie because it was interesting to see how drastic he changes his moods. We will write a custom essay sample on Rain Man or any similar topic only for you Order Now At one point he can be happy and the next he could be yelling at everyone. Charlie Babbit is a Caucasian male around his late twenties who works as a car salesman, and has a girlfriend named Susanna. Charlie Babbitt is a selfish man who gets angry very easily. He focuses on what he has to say rather than what others have to say. He is a very demanding person. Charlie has avoided talking to his father for years. When he finds out that his father passed away he didn’t react at all it was like if nothing had happened. Instead he focuses on how much money his father left him in his will. His father left three million dollars to his autistic brother Raymond of whose existence Charlie knew nothing of. The prenatal life of Charlie Babbitt must have been in a time of negative life experience and stress for his mother. In order to better understand more about Charlie’s prenatal life would be to know what situations his mother was going through while she was pregnant. It seems to me that Charlie was an unhappy baby. His temperamental pattern must have been difficult. Charlie’s mother died when he was only two years old, and his brother Raymond was put away in a mental institution right after the death of his mother . Charlie did not form a healthy attachment with his parents since his mother passed away at an early stage in his life. During Charlie’s preoperational stage Charlie did not form a health bond with his father while growing up. How to cite Rain Man, Essay examples

Contract between Ben and Johar-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the essential elements of Contract for creating a valid contract between Ben and Johari for the sale and purchase of the yacht. Answer: Introduction A contract can be best put as a promise made between two or more parties, where each party promises to undertake the made promise, which is usually in form of one party paying the consideration and the other party carrying out the work stated in the contract. The provisions of contract law are more or less the same in every jurisdiction, but at times it is found under the common law, and at others, it is found under the statutory law (Latimer, 2012). In Malaysia, contract law is governed by the Contracts Act, 1950. Under this act, for a contract to be created, there is a need for the presence of six elements, which include the offer, acceptance, consideration, capacity to contract, free consent, and the intention to create legal relations (Chen-Wishart, Loke and Ong, 2016). This discussion revolves around these very elements present in the case study, to decide if a contract had been formed. Issue The main issue based on the facts of the case study comes to be the presence of essential elements of contract for creating a valid contract between Ben and Johari for the sale and purchase of the yacht. Rule The first step in formation of contract is for an offer to be made. Based on section 2(a) of the Contracts Act, 1950, a proposal shows the willingness of the party to be bound by the made promise, and with a view of obtaining assent on the same by another person. This section also provides that an offer must show that the promise would be fulfilled, where the same is accepted by the other party. It is important to differentiate the offer from an enquiry and also from intent to trade. There are stages when the contract is being built up, where different kind of negotiatons takes place. It is important to note that this is not an offer phase and merely shows the intent to trade. Examples of it include the advertisements in newspapers and magazines (Harris and Croese, 2014). The next step for holding a valid contract to be formed is the acceptance. Under section 2(b) of this act, the proposal is deemed to be accepted when the person making the offer gives their assent to it. The acceptance could be expressed in a written or an oral manner, and can also be implied from the offering partys conduct. Under section 7(a) of this act, the acceptance has to be unqualified and absolute, which means that the intention of the offering party needs to be understood clear without any kind of doubt from their conduct (CommonLii, 2006). Section 4 of this act provides when thee commendation is deemed to be complete. Section 4(1) provides that the communication of proposal is completed only when the same comes in the knowledge of the person to whom the proposal had been made. Under section 4(2) (b), the communication of acceptance is completed as against the accepting party, when the same comes to the proposers knowledge. Section 4(3) provides that communication of revocation is completed (a) by the making party when it is put in course of transmission to the individual to whom this has been made; and (b) against the person to whom the same has been made, when this communication comes to their knowledge. Under section 5(1) of this act, a proposal can be revoked, at any movement before the acceptance communication is completed against the proposing party but not after it. Under section 6(a), it is stated that a proposal is revoked when the revocation notice is communicated to the other party by the proposer (CommonLii, 2006). Apart from the statutory law, there are certain provisions given under the established case laws, which also have to be kept in mind (Stone and Devenney, 2017). For instance, Felthouse v Bindley (1862) EWHC CP J 35 provides that merely silence cannot be deemed as a mode of acceptance. This is aligned with the aforementioned statutory law. So the statement made in this case that where the nephew did not rely, it would be deemed as his acceptance by the uncle would be deemed as invalid acceptance (Poole, 2016). Another important concept in this regard is the postal rules of acceptance. As a general rule, the acceptance date is the date when the other party gets the communication of acceptance. However, the postal rules are an exception to this rule and provide that the date of acceptance, in cases where the letters are posted for giving the acceptance, is the date on which the letter is posted (Clarke and Clarke, 2016). In Ignatius v. Bell (1913) 2 FMSLR 115, the parties had agreed to make use of the post as the manner of their communication. A proposal had been made by the defendant for selling the land held by him to the plaintiff and this option had to be exercised before August 20th 1912. On August 16th 1912, the plaintiff sent their acceptance through registered post but the same could not be delivered till August 25th 1912. Applying section 4 of the Contract Act, the court stated that the acceptance communication was completed upon the acceptance notice being completed on August 16th 1912 even when this acceptance was not known to the defendant (Intellectual Property, 2010). The other required elements for creation of a valid contract include consideration. Section 2(d) of this act provides that consideration is paid for the act done, or from not doing any task. The next element is for the parties to have the intention to create legal relations. Even though the act does not specifically cover any provisions on this requirement, it continues to be a crucial requirement for creating an enforceable contract. The next requirement is for the parties to have the capacity to enter in a contract, which as per section 11 are the age of majority and the sound mind of a person. The last requirement is for free consent to be given for the drawn agreement, which is covered under section 10 of this act (CommonLii, 2006). Application The discussed law now has to be applied on the given case study. In this case, an offer had been made by Johari on March 03rrd 2016 to sell his yacht for a price of RM2million. This value is the value of consideration satisfying the requirement of consideration in this transaction. The proposal or the offer made in this case was very clear and shows the willingness of Johari to go forward with the sale, in case this proposal is accepted by Ben. And it is also clear that as per the quoted sections, Johari is awaiting the assent of Ben on the made proposal. However, this letter stated silence would be taken as an acceptance of Ben. Based on the case of Felthouse v Bindley, this would not be deemed as applicable as the silence can never be deemed as acceptance. This is also due to the applicability of section 2(b) where the acceptance would only have been attained when Ben gave his assent to the offer. The revocation letter sent by Johari would be taken to be one March 09th only as the same was sent through post and the postal rules become applicable on this communication. The acceptance of offer of Johari by Ben came after the offer had already been revoked by Johari. Section 4(2) (b) provides the communication of acceptance is completed as against the accepting party, when the same comes to the proposers knowledge. This acceptance would be completed here when the acceptance letter reached Johari on March 12th 2016, by which time not only the offer had been revoked, but also had crossed the stipulated timeframe for acceptance. It can be claimed that the revocation letter of Johari reached Ben after he had already posted the acceptance letter, resulting in a contract being formed. However, applying the case of Ignatius v. Bell, it becomes clear that the date of posting the letter has to be taken as the date of communication. So here the offer was made on March 03rd, which was revoked on March 09th. Thus, the acceptance of March 10th is not valid as the offer was properly revoked before the same could be accepted. Even with presence of intention between parties, consent, and capacity between the parties, there was a lack of valid acceptance in this matter. Conclusion Thus, from the discussion carried in the previous segment, it can be concluded that there was no contract formed between Johari and Ben due to the lack of valid acceptance for the proposal made by Johari. This was due to the fact that the offer made by Johari had been effectively revoked before Ben could accept the offer, and in this regard, the postal rules played a major role. Thus, this discussion highlighted the role played by the governing legislation of the nation in deciding on the presence of a contract between two or more parties, and brings forth the clarity on different elements of contract along with the manner in which they have to be applied. References Chen-Wishart, M., Loke, A., and Ong, B. (2016) Studies in the Contract Laws of Asia: Remedies for Breach of Contract. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Clarke, P., and Clarke, J (2016) Contract Law: Commentaries, Cases and Perspectives. 3rd ed. South Melbourne: Oxford University Press. CommonLii. (2006) Contracts Act 1950 (Revised 1974). [Online] CommonLii. Available from: https://www.commonlii.org/my/legis/consol_act/ca19501974200/ [Accessed on: 06/02/18] Harris, J., and Croese, C. (2014) Contract Law in Context. Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Intellectual Property. (2010) Law Notes. [Online] Graguraman. Available from: https://graguraman1.blogspot.in/2010/07/proposal-and-acceptance-law-416.html [Accessed on: 06/02/18] Latimer, P. (2012) Australian Business Law 2012. 31st ed. Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Poole, J. (2016) Textbook on Contract Law. 13th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Stone, R., and Devenney, J. (2017) The Modern Law of Contract. 12th ed. Oxon: Routledge.

Green Computing free essay sample

Green computing or green IT, refers to environmentally sustainable computing or IT. It is the study and practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems—efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment. Green IT also strives to achieve economic viability and improved system performance and use, while abiding by our social and ethical responsibilities. Thus, green IT includes the dimensions of environmental sustainability, the economics of energy efficiency, and the total cost of ownership, which includes the cost of disposal and recycling is the study and practice of using computing resources efficiently. To comprehensively and effectively address the environmental impacts of computing/IT, we must adopt a holistic approach and make the entire IT lifecycle greener by addressing environmental sustainability along the following four complementary paths: †¢Green use reducing the energy consumption of computers and other information systems as well as using them in an environmentally sound manner